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Education · report
Making Education Spending Count for the Children of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for ARMM
- Publisher
- World Bank
- Year
- 2015
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 114
- Availability
- Free to read
Published free: the link opens the whole book.
About the book
A review of how public money for basic education is spent and managed in the ARMM, where learning outcomes are the lowest in the country. It recommends ways to make that spending reach schools and children.
This public expenditure and institutional review was made at the request of ARMM Regional Governor Mujiv Hataman, as a joint report of the World Bank and Australia's foreign affairs department. It asks how money for basic education in the ARMM was planned, budgeted and spent, and why results were so poor. A schools survey by the Consortium of Bangsamoro Civil Society, with over 90 enumerators, made surprise visits to schools across the region.
The report sets out the region's history and education record, then its budget system, its spending on teachers, operating funds, textbooks and classrooms, and the problems of getting that money to schools. In 2011–12 only 23% of Grade 1 pupils reached Grade 6, against 73.5% nationally. The survey found many schools closed, with teacher absence of about 31% and pupil absence of 29%, worst in Lanao del Sur. The authors trace these problems to a fragmented, poorly linked budget system they call the ARMM "PEM syndrome".
It ends with an action plan on ghost teachers, payroll, school operating funds and accountability, and lessons for the coming Bangsamoro.
From documents.worldbank.org.
EducationEconomy and development
Cover from the publisher’s PDF, shown to identify the book; its rights stay with the publisher.
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